Workplace Accident Prevalence and Associated Factors among Tobacco Farm in São Lourenço do Sul-RS, Brazil / Prevalência e Fatores Associados à Acidente de Trabalho em Fumicultores do Município de São Lourenço do Sul, RS, Brasil

Abstract Agriculture has the highest risk of accidents. In Brazil the reality of this situation is unknown owing to scarcity of studies and underreporting of workplace accidents in rural areas. This article aims to evaluate workplace accident prevalence and associated factors among tobacco farm in Sao Lourenco do Sul-RS, Brazil. Cross-sectional study with 488 tobacco farmers, assessing sociodemographic, behavioural, labour characteristics and association with workplace accidents occurring in their lifetime. The injury prevalence was 24%. Being male (PR 1.62; 95%CI 1.04-2.52), and tenant farmer (PR 1.87; 95%CI 1.29-2.72), bundling tobacco leaves (PR 2.00; 95%CI 1.14-3.52) and having minor psychiatric disorders (PR 1.58; 95%CI 1.06-2.35) were positively associated with accidents. 46% of serious injuries caused superficial lesions and 26% caused fractures. Rural workplace accident prevention policies need to be established, particularly for tobacco farming. Larger studies are needed to understand work process-related aspects that increase the risk of accidents.

Resumo A Agricultura concentra maior risco de acidentes ocupacionais, entretanto sua dimensão é desconhecida pela escassez de estudos brasileiros e subnotificação na área rural. O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a prevalência e os fatores associados aos acidentes de trabalho em fumicultores em São Lourenço Sul-RS. Estudo transversal com amostra representativa de 488 fumicultores, avaliando características sociodemográficas, comportamentais, atividades laborais e associação com acidentes de trabalho na vida. Prevalência de acidentes na vida foi de 24%, encontrada associação positiva com sexo masculino (RP1,62IC-95%1,04-2,52), ser arrendatário (RP1,87IC-95%1,29-2,72), realização manocas (RP2,00IC-95%1,14-3,52) e problemas psiquiátricos menores (RP 1,58 IC-95%1,06-2,35). Dentre os acidentes graves, 46% foram superficiais e 26%, fraturas. Necessário implementar políticas preventivas de acidentes laborais na área rural e, em particular, na fumicultura brasileira; avançar na busca da compreensão dos aspectos relacionados ao processo de trabalho impactantes ao risco de acidentes.

Intervención educativa sobre los conocimientos y prácticas referidas a los riesgos laborales en cultivadores de papa en Boyacá, Colombia / Educational intervention concerning knowledge and practices regarding work-related risks in potato farmers in Boyacá, Colombia

Objetivo Evaluar el impacto de una intervención educativa realizada sobre los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (CAP), que busca modificar comportamientos en las técnicas de aplicación de pesticidas y organofosforados, en una muestra de cultivadores de papa de 7 municipios de la provincia Centro de Boyacá, en relación con la salud ocupacional y los riesgos laborales. Materiales y métodos Estudio de intervención antesdespués, anidado. Un total de 659 cultivadores de papa recibieron una intervención educativa basada en estrategias participativas sobre salud ocupacional y riesgos laborales. Previo y posterior a la intervención se evaluaron los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre estos tópicos. Resultados Se registraron cambios estadísticamente significativos en los conocimientos, de menor significación en las actitudes y en las prácticas Discusión Las intervenciones educativas en poblaciones vulnerables de bajo nivel de escolaridad requieren de acompañamiento y apoyo sostenido en el tiempo para lograr cambios significativos en las prácticas saludables.

Objective Evaluating the impact of educational intervention concerning knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) aimed at changing behaviour in how pesticides and organophosphates are applied in a sample of potato farmers from seven municipalities in the Boyacá department of Colombia in connection with occupational health and labour risks. Materials and methods This was a nested, before-after, intervention study. A participative strategy-based occupational health and labour risk educational intervention was used with 659 potato farmers. Knowledge, attitudes and practice concerning these matters were evaluated prior to and following the intervention. Results Statistically significant changes in knowledge were recorded; lesser significance was recorded regarding attitudes and practices. Discussion Educational interventions in vulnerable, low scholastic level populations require ongoing accompaniment and support for achieving significant changes in health practice.

Conocimiento y prácticas sobre Teniasis-cisticercosis en una comunidad colombiana / Knowledge and practices concerning taeniasis-cysticercosis in Colombian pig-breeders

Objetivo Determinar los conocimientos y prácticas sobre teniasis-cisticercosis y la frecuencia de anticuerpos contra Taenia solium en habitantes de la localidad de Andagoya, Colombia. Métodos Se realizó un estudio cualitativo-cuantitativo. Las poblaciones de estudio fueron los criadores de cerdos y sus familias, población local y cerdos. Resultados La población tiene un conocimiento parcial del complejo teniasis-cisticercosis. Identifica la cisticercosis como una enfermedad sólo del cerdo y no del humano, considera la teniasis como una enfermedad de transmisión fecal y no ocasionada por el consumo de carne de cerdo con cisticercosis. La crianza de cerdos no se hace en confinamiento y aunque se conocen los hábitos higiénicos para el control de enfermedades parasitarias su cumplimiento no es adecuado. La presencia de anticuerpos contra T. solium en los criadores de cerdos y sus familiares fue del 8,7 por ciento y en los cerdos del 20,9 por ciento. Conclusión Se debe desarrollar un programa educativo sobre teniasis-cisticercosis que permita sensibilizar a la población para el conocimiento y la aplicación de medidas de control.

Objective Describing knowledge and practices regarding taeniasis-cysticercosis and cysticercosis prevalence in the village of Andagoya, Colombia. Methods The study design was qualitative and quantitative. The study population consisted of pig breeders and their families, local groups and pigs. Results Study participants had partial knowledge of the taeniasis-cysticercosis complex. They considered taeniasis to be an illness resulting from faecal transmission and not caused by becoming infected with cysticercosis after consuming pork. Pig breeding is not carried out in confined conditions and, although breeders know the right measures for controlling some parasitic illnesses, these practices are not observed. There was 8.7 percent presence of T. solium antibodies in pig breeders and their relatives and 20.9 percent in the pigs. Conclusions An educational programme aimed at raising the population's awareness of the taeniasis-cysticercosis complex cycle should be developed; this will facilitate control measures being applied.